SaaS Metrics

ARR Waterfall

An ARR waterfall reconciles starting ARR to ending ARR using new, expansion, contraction, and churned ARR movements.

Updated 2026-01-23

Definition

An ARR waterfall reconciles starting ARR to ending ARR using new, expansion, contraction, and churned ARR movements.

Formula

Ending ARR = starting ARR + new ARR + expansion ARR - contraction ARR - churned ARR

Example

Start $2.0M; +$300k new; +$200k expansion; -$80k contraction; -$120k churn = $2.3M ending ARR.

How to use it

  • Use it as a reporting bridge to compute net new ARR and ARR growth.
  • Segment by plan/channel/customer size to avoid blended averages hiding churn pockets.
  • Use net new ARR as the numerator base for burn multiple (same period).
  • Reconcile waterfall totals to your ARR snapshot each period.

Common mistakes

  • Mixing bookings or cash with ARR movements.
  • Double-counting expansion as new ARR for the same account.

Why this matters

This term matters because small changes compound in SaaS metrics. Use consistent definitions by cohort and segment so you can diagnose retention, payback, and growth quality.

Practical checklist

  • Write a 1-line definition for "ARR Waterfall" that your team will use consistently.
  • Keep the time window consistent (weekly/monthly/quarterly) when comparing trends.
  • Segment results (channel/plan/cohort) before drawing big conclusions from blended averages.
  • Use a calculator that references this term (e.g., ARR Waterfall Calculator) to sanity-check assumptions.
  • Read the related guide (e.g., ARR waterfall: reconcile starting ARR to ending ARR (net new ARR)) for context and common pitfalls.

Where to use this on MetricKit

Calculators

Guides