Paid ads measurement hub: ROAS, MER, marginal ROAS, and incrementality

A practical hub for paid ads measurement: connect ROAS to profit, use MER for top-down truth, watch marginal ROAS for scale, and validate incrementality with holdouts.

Updated 2026-01-28

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How to use this hub

Use ROAS and funnel math for day-to-day optimization, MER for top-down alignment, marginal ROAS to understand scale limits, and incrementality tests to validate true lift. You don't need all of them at once-add layers as spend grows.

Which metric should you trust-

MetricStrengthBlind spots
ROASFast feedback per campaign/ad setCan be biased by attribution and window settings
MERTop-down reality checkHides channel-level performance and creative effects
Marginal ROASScale lens (saturation)Needs clean spend vs incremental revenue data
Incrementality liftCausal truth (holdout)Harder to run; needs good experiment design

A pragmatic measurement stack

  • Early stage: funnel + ROAS with profit guardrails (break-even ROAS/CPA).
  • Scaling: add MER and marginal ROAS to avoid over-crediting retargeting.
  • Mature spend: run incrementality tests when you see diminishing returns or channel disputes.
  • Always: keep attribution window consistent when comparing periods and channels.

Failure modes to watch

  • ROAS looks great while overall growth stalls (likely attribution bias or audience saturation).
  • MER worsens while platform ROAS improves (tracking mismatch, spend mix shift, or delayed revenue).
  • Marginal ROAS falls as you scale (normal diminishing returns; change creatives/audiences or cap spend).
  • Creative fatigues and CTR drops (refresh creative; broaden audiences; rotate placements).

FAQ

Is MER better than ROAS-
MER is better for top-down truth and alignment, while ROAS is better for fast optimization. Use both: ROAS for action, MER for sanity-checking.
When should we run incrementality tests-
When spend is meaningful, audiences overlap, and attribution disputes appear (e.g., retargeting looks too good). Incrementality becomes more valuable as you scale.

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